China's chip import profile is one of large volume and high dependency. The difficulties of domestic substitution lie in high-end technology bottlenecks, continued dependence on imported equipment and materials, and an incomplete industrial ecosystem. Breakthrough points are: concentrating effort on key technologies, increasing R&D investment in equipment and materials, completing the ecosystem, and strengthening international cooperation and exchange.
Anatomy of China's chip imports — the difficulties and breakthroughs of domestic substitution
